Owners of banned firearms will have until the end of March to declare interest in a federal program offering compensation for turning in or permanently deactivating their guns.
The federal government says the declaration period for individuals will begin Monday and run through March 31.
Since May 2020, Ottawa has outlawed about 2,500 types of guns, including the AR-15, on the basis they belong only on the battlefield.
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Public Safety Canada said Saturday that firearm licence holders will be notified of the declaration period and how to take part.
The government says compensation will be determined primarily on a first come, first served basis.
In the spring, owners whose declarations are approved will be invited to finalize their claims and schedule appointments to turn in their guns to the RCMP, local police or a mobile collection unit.
Prohibited firearms and devices must be disposed of — or permanently deactivated — by the end of an amnesty period on Oct. 30.
The government says anyone in possession of a banned firearm or device after the amnesty period will be breaking the law and could face criminal prosecution.
"The deadlines are real — please heed them," Public Safety Minister Gary Anandasangaree told a news conference Saturday in Montreal.
Liberal MP and secretary of state for nature Nathalie Provost, who was shot by a gunman at Montreal's École Polytechnique in 1989, and Québec Public Security Minister Ian Lafrenière also appeared at the announcement.
Federal officials said at a technical briefing that almost $250 million has been earmarked to compensate people who take part in the program by turning in their firearms or having them deactivated by a certified gunsmith.
The government anticipates the money will cover compensation for about 136,000 firearms.
Owners of banned guns who do not take part in the program can also comply with the law by deactivating their firearms at their own expense, turning them in to local police for no compensation or exporting them if they hold an export permit.
During an initial phase of the program, more than 12,000 firearms were collected from businesses, with approximately $22 million in compensation paid out.
The federal government has budgeted more than $742 million for the overall cost of the program, dating from 2020.
Firearm rights advocates and the federal Conservatives have denounced the program as a poor use of taxpayer dollars targeted at law-abiding gun owners.
Anandasangaree acknowledged Saturday that the program faces hurdles in Alberta and Saskatchewan, where officials have criticized the effort.
Several groups that advocate stricter gun controls said Saturday the national launch of the buyback program is "a win for public safety in Canada" that addresses the risks posed by firearms ill-suited for hunting.
The groups included PolySeSouvient, which was formed in response to the Polytechnique shooting, the National Association of Women and the Law, Danforth Families for Safe Communities and Canadian Doctors for Protection from Guns.
They warned, however, that the buyback will succeed only if the federal government acts quickly to end sales of new models of the SKS rifle, which is not among the banned firearms.
The SKS is commonly used in Indigenous communities to hunt for food. It has also been used in police killings and other high-profile shootings. Officials are reviewing the firearm's classification.
"If the government fails to ban new sales, taxpayer-funded buyback money could be used to purchase such weapons, rendering the buyback a failure," the groups said in a statement.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Jan. 17, 2026.
