When it comes to freshening up your indoor space, air-purifying plants offer a natural (and nice to look at) solution. Aside from adding life and colour to your space these plants claim to cleanse the air of harmful toxins.
But do air purifying plants really work?
Let's dig into the science behind it.
RELATED: 15 low maintenance indoor plants that thrive on neglect ...
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Did you know that the air in your home could be more polluted than outdoor air?
When you think about air pollution and toxins, what is the first thing that comes to mind? Chances are it has something to do with engine exhaust, coal plants, smoke from fires or some other outdoor pollution.
But it turns out your indoor air may be more polluted.
Perry Hystad, who did his doctoral studies on air pollution at the University of BC, used monitors to measure indoor air pollution in houses. About half of the houses had higher air pollution inside than out. This has a lot to do with the fact that indoor pollutants don’t disperse as quickly as outdoor ones. Common culprits include cleaning products, fireplaces, beauty products, paint, and cooking, as well as outdoor air coming in through joints, cracks and improperly sealed windows and doors.
How to improve indoor air quality
There are a number of things you can do to improve your indoor air quality at home (and work).
1. Increase ventilation
Proper airflow helps prevent the buildup of indoor pollutants.
- Open windows when possible to allow fresh air to circulate.
- Use exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms to remove excess moisture and airborne contaminants.
- Consider using trickle vents or air purifiers with fresh air intakes to bring in outdoor air without opening windows.
2. Use an air purifier
High-quality air purifiers can remove allergens, dust, pet dander, mold spores, and even volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
- Look for models with HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filters, which capture tiny airborne particles.
- Some purifiers also include activated carbon filters to help reduce odors and VOCs from household products.
3. Reduce indoor pollutants
Everyday items can introduce harmful chemicals into your indoor air. Limiting exposure is key.
- Switch to non-toxic cleaning products that don’t contain harsh chemicals like ammonia or bleach.
- Avoid synthetic air fresheners and scented candles, which can release VOCs. Instead, use essential oil diffusers or simmer natural ingredients like citrus peels and cinnamon.
- Be mindful of furniture and decor. New furniture, carpets, and paints can off-gas formaldehyde and other harmful chemicals, known as volatile organic compounds (VOC) that evaporate into the air. Look for low-VOC or VOC-free products when possible.
4. Maintain proper humidity levels
Keeping indoor humidity between 30-50% helps prevent mold growth, dust mites, and respiratory discomfort.
- Use a dehumidifier in damp areas like basements to prevent mold and mildew.
- During winter, use a humidifier to combat dry air that can irritate your skin and respiratory system.
- Fix any leaks and wipe down condensation-prone areas to prevent mold buildup.
5. Keep floors and surfaces clean
Dust, allergens, and pollutants settle on floors, furniture, and fabrics.
- Vacuum regularly using a HEPA-filter vacuum to trap small particles.
- Mop floors weekly to remove any lingering dust.
- Wash bedding, curtains, and rugs frequently to reduce allergens like dust mites and pet dander.
6. Avoid smoking indoors
Cigarette smoke contains thousands of harmful chemicals that linger in the air and settle on surfaces. If quitting isn’t an option, always smoke outside to prevent exposure to secondhand smoke indoors.
Even smoking marijuana inside should be avoided. While it doesn’t contain the same chemicals as cigarettes, cannabis smoke contains particulate matter andVOCs that can linger in the air and settle on surfaces.
Another great option is air purifying plants!
Do Air-Purifying Plants Really Work?
Studies from NASA and other research institutions have shown that certain houseplants can indeed remove toxins like formaldehyde, benzene, and ammonia from indoor air. These pollutants are commonly found in everyday items such as furniture, carpets, and cleaning products.
In a 1989 NASA, called closed ecological life support systems, a BioHome made of synthetic materials was filled with houseplants. Prior to adding the houseplants, people entering the building would experience burning eyes and respiratory issues commonly associated with Sick Building Syndrome.
When the plants were added, the symptoms disappeared and air quality tests showed that the level of VOCs had decreased.
Bill Wolverton, the scientist behind the experiment, went on to publish a book called “How to Grow Fresh Air: 50 Houseplants That Purify Your Office.” The book explains how plants absorb pollutants through their roots, where microorganisms break them down and turn them into food. This natural process not only improves air quality but also enhances overall well-being.
The question now is, are all plants created equal or are some better at purifying the air than others.
Choosing the Right Plants
Here are some top picks for air-purifying houseplants, each with unique benefits and care requirements:
1. Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)
The Spider Plant is celebrated for its arching, variegated leaves and resilience, making it a favorite among both novice and seasoned plant enthusiasts. This adaptable plant thrives in various indoor conditions and is known for its ability to propagate easily, producing "spiderettes" that can be replanted.
Ease of Care: Low maintenance; tolerates occasional neglect.
Placement: Ideal for bedrooms and living rooms; thrives in indirect light.
Additional Benefits: Beyond their aesthetic appeal, spider plants are known to help reduce indoor pollutants and increase humidity, which can be beneficial in dry environments.
Pet friendliness: Generally considered safe for pets.
2. Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum spp.)
With its glossy, dark green leaves and elegant white flowers, the Peace Lily adds a touch of sophistication to any room. Beyond its beauty, it's known for its ability to thrive in low-light conditions, making it suitable for various indoor environments.
Ease of Care: Prefers low to medium light; requires consistent moisture.
Placement: Well-suited for bathrooms and laundry rooms due to its love for humidity.
Additional Benefits: Peace lilies are effective at increasing indoor humidity, which can help reduce the occurrence of dry skin and irritated nasal passages. However, it's important to note that they are toxic to pets if ingested, so placement out of reach of animals is advisable.
Pet friendliness: Toxic to pets if ingested, especially to cats.
3. Boston Fern (Nephrolepis exaltata)
The Boston Fern is known for its lush, feathery fronds that bring a vibrant green to indoor spaces. While it requires a bit more attention, its ability to thrive in humid environments makes it a popular choice for certain areas of the home.
Ease of Care: Requires regular watering and high humidity; thrives in indirect light.
Placement: Perfect for kitchens and bathrooms where humidity is higher.
Additional Benefits: Boston ferns can help increase indoor humidity, which is beneficial for skin and respiratory health. Their presence adds a calming, natural element to home decor.
Pet friendliness: Generally safe for pets.
4. Bamboo Palm (Chamaedorea seifrizii)
The Bamboo Palm brings a tropical feel to indoor spaces with its tall, graceful fronds. It's relatively low-maintenance and can adapt to various light conditions, making it a versatile addition to home decor.
Ease of Care: Prefers bright, indirect light; regular watering to keep soil moist but not waterlogged.
Placement: Suitable for living rooms and offices; can thrive in indirect light.
Additional Benefits: Bamboo palms are known to help improve indoor air quality and add a touch of greenery that can enhance mood and reduce stress.
Pet friendliness: Non-toxic to pets.
5. Areca Palm (Dypsis lutescens)
Known for its feathery, arching fronds, the Areca Palm adds a touch of the tropics to any indoor space. It's a relatively low-maintenance plant that can grow quite large, making it a statement piece in home decor.
Ease of Care: Thrives in bright, indirect light; requires regular watering.
Placement: Ideal for spacious areas like living rooms or offices.
Additional Benefits: Areca palms are effective natural humidifiers, releasing moisture into the air, which can be beneficial in dry indoor environments.
Pet friendliness: Generally non-toxic to pets.
6. Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina)
The Weeping Fig is a popular ornamental plant known for its graceful, arching branches and glossy leaves. While it can be a bit sensitive to environmental changes, with proper care, it becomes a long-lasting addition to indoor plant collections.
Ease of Care: Prefers bright, indirect light; consistent watering schedule; sensitive to environmental changes.
Placement: Adds elegance to living rooms or offices.
Additional Benefits: Weeping figs can contribute to a calming indoor environment and have been associated with improved mental well-being.
Pet friendliness: Can cause mild stomach upset if ingested by pets.
7. Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata)
The Snake Plant, also known as Mother-in-Law's Tongue, is renowned for its hardiness and striking, upright leaves. It's an excellent choice for beginners due to its tolerance of a wide range of conditions.
Ease of Care: Extremely low maintenance; tolerates low light and infrequent watering.
Placement: Ideal for bedrooms and offices; can thrive in low-light conditions.
Additional Benefits: Snake plants are known for their ability to tolerate a range of conditions and can help improve indoor air quality.
Pet friendliness: Mildly toxic if ingested by pets.
Incorporating these plants into your home can enhance your living space aesthetically and contribute to a more enjoyable indoor environment. While their impact on air purification may be limited, the psychological and aesthetic benefits they offer make them valuable additions to any home.
